Pedestrian Dead Reckoning With Wearable Sensors: A Systematic Review

Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) is the process of calculating one's current location by using previously known position, and advancing that position over time established or estimated speeds trajectories (or alternatively stride lengths directions). PDR plays an important role in modern life, including tracking locations people objects whenever GPS not available. Self-contained systems do require infrastructure, thus they can be used for rapid deployment situations such as search rescue, disaster relief medical emergencies. Wearable sensors are often applied self-contained PDR, but implementation varies terms number, type used. Many algorithms designed order to reduce error drift final estimate, with various levels success. There a lack comparison between these different methods this systematic review wearable devices provides comprehensive overview inform further design optimizations. The aim article assess quality all available literature focus on sensors. It outline state-of-the-art field comparing accuracy sensor layouts algorithms. Further directions research suggested based results. This study also highlights need more standardised robust assessment protocols capture real-world performance methods.